Morecambe Bay: Leisure trip disasters

1894 Silverdale, 25 lost,
1918 Ulverston channel, 17 lost.

Wooden fishing vessel (nobby) Matchless
About 5 tons, 33 ft long, 1 mast, built Woodhouse, Overton 1877
Owner and skipper: Samuel Houghton, age 54.
Leisure trip from Morecambe with 33 passengers on 3 September 1894
Capsized off Silverdale and only Houghton and 8 passengers rescued; 25 lost.

At that date, there were no requirements for boats taking passengers on leisure trips to meet safety standards. Disasters, such as this one, led to the introduction of rules: lifebelts, lifelines, second crew member, maximum passenger number,..
  The trip left Morecambe before HW (at 1:30 that day) and was intended to go inland with the tide and then return on the ebb. A nobby was a half-decked shallow-draught vessel used for fishing. It had a gaff-rigged mainsail, topsail and jib.

Sketch from the Lancashire County and Standard Advertiser, 7th September, 1894, as drawn by an eyewitness to the Matchless tragedy

From Burnley Express - Wednesday 05 September 1894
  BEREAVED BURNLEY. TERRIBLE BOATING FATALITY. YACHT CAPSIZED AT MORECAMBE. TWENTY LIVES LOST. BURNLEY PEOPLE DROWNED. HEARTRENDING SCENES. NARRATIVES OF SURVIVORS.
  In the midst of the enjoyment of the September holiday, Burnley has been suddenly plunged into mourning. News came to hand on Monday of a boating disaster at Morecambe. The first accounts varied to the extent of the disaster. Presently it became known that some twenty persons were missing and that all, it was to be feared, had been drowned. Worse than all there followed the dire intelligence that the majority of passengers of the ill-fated boat were Burnley people. At once the town became excited, and the excitement intensified as details multiplied. Every scrap of information was eagerly read. Many people who had relatives and friends staying at Morecambe had a terribly anxious time of it. Enquiries were made from all quarters in the locality and the telephone was in constant use. Brief accounts of the disaster were published in many shop windows. At street corners, especially in the neighbourhood where a bereavement was feared, and in all places where people met together, the sad event was the one topic of discussion. The hugeness of the disaster was overwhelming, and the uncertainty which prevailed to who had been drowned and who had been fortunate enough to escape added to the shock which seemed to find an expression in almost every countenance. In the matter of lives lost, it was the biggest calamity which had overtaken Burnley for many years. No wonder, then, that the town wore a general air of bereavement, and that expressions of sympathy and condolence were to be heard on all hands.
  HOW THE ACCIDENT HAPPENED.
  The details of the disaster are simple. In common with most seaside places, Morecambe offers plenty of attraction in the way of sailing. A favourite practice is to have hour or two's cruise in the bay in one of the many sailing boats which put off from the Princess Landing Stage. They are usually well filled, and, owing probably to the presence so many holiday makers in the town, it happened that the Matchless, a boat belonging to an experienced fisherman, Samuel Houghton by name, of 45, Pedder-street, Morecambe, had a full complement when she set off from the landing stage for a cruise in the direction of Grange-over-Sands. The sea was calm and a light breeze tempered the brilliant sunshine. The weather conditions appeared to be favourable for a very pleasurable sail. The party numbered about 30 in all, and consisted of men, women, and children. As is usually the case on trip of this kind, the majority of the passengers were unknown each other, but it subsequently transpired that in one case at least nine persons had been staying in one house and all hailed from Burnley. Unhappily, all but one of this number are placed among the victims. The time passed merrily. The happy party, unconscious of the watery graves which awaited most of them, were even singing when the accident happened.
  THE FATAL GUST.
  When five or six miles from the starting place the yacht was at a point two miles from Silverdale, a small watering place on the opposite side of the bay. The tide was on the flow, but there not being sufficient water to cross the sandbanks, the boat was driving steadily up Channel. When near to the estuary of the river Wear[sic: Keer more likely], which here enters the bay, about six miles from Morecambe, the water has since been described by one of the survivors as being rather choppy owing to the rapidly running tidal current meeting the fresh water from the river, suddenly, without the slightest warning, the boat heeled completely over. The accounts of what exactly occurred are somewhat contradictory but the statement of the boatman Houghton, who is one of the steadiest of the seafaring men in the locality and is said to be a staunch teetotaller, is probably the most reliable. He states that at the time of the disaster, about twelve o'clock, he was going to slacken the main sheet and let the boat go easily up Channel while he collected the fares. He had not slackened the sail but was on the point of doing so when a gust of wind heeled her right over without the slightest warning in about nine feet of water. Of course, the whole of the passengers were precipitated into the water and the struggle for life was distressing in the extreme. Some became entangled in the sails and cordage and had no chance to save themselves. Others at once got clear of the boat and struck out for their lives. Amongst them was Mr. James Boothman, cotton spinner, 28 Hull-street, Burnley, who had gone out accompanied by his sweetheart, Miss Lizzie Walker, daughter of Mr. Walker, brazier, 50, Queensberry-road, Piccadilly-road, Burnley. He does not attribute any blame to the boatman, but says that Houghton had just got the sail loose when the wind caught and capsized the craft. Fortunately for himself he was able to swim and managed keep afloat a little while. Then he seized the mast and clung to it until help was at hand. As will be seen below, Miss Walker escaped in marvellous manner.
  THE WORK OF RESCUE.
  The occupants of a boat in charge of Edward Gardner, jun., which was near, were horrified to witness the almost instantaneous disappearance of Houghton's yacht. With admirable presence of mind, Gardner first devoted his attention to preventing panic amongst his own passengers, and then made his way with all speed to rescue with his boat. In the midst of the struggling people in the water, friendly hands were held out on all sides of the craft to grasp those unfortunate fellow pleasure seekers who were struggling violently for succour. By the direction of young Gardner, no attempt was at first made to drag them into the boat, his instructions to the anxious passengers being simply to keep as many people afloat as possible by holding them at the gunwale until there was no apparent chance to secure more of the wrecked trippers. By this means, seven persons - three men, two women, and two children - were rescued. One man was evidently dead, his head being badly bruised. A second boat, in charge of Richard Gardner, sen., a veteran boatman, was about a quarter of a mile distant, but running with the current was speedily on the scene of the accident. He rescued Houghton alive, and recovered also the body of a female passenger. After cruising about the spot until it was apparent no further aid could be rendered, the two boats returned to Morecambe at half-past one, bringing the first tidings of the disaster and leaving behind them other boats continuing the search.

More details see here.














Wooden fishing vessel (sail) [called Johnson's boat]
Owned William Johnson, 29.5ft long, 7.5ft beam.
Returning to Ulverston with a party of 16 from fishing at Piel
Capsized and all 17 lost. Sunday 9 June 1918.
Boat washed ashore at Aldingham, wrecked.

From Lancashire Evening Post - Wednesday 12 June 1918
  FISHING PARTY DISASTER.
  Coroner and Overcrowding of Boat.
  The Coroner of Furness held an inquiry at the Ulverston Court House, last evening, into the fishing boat disaster which occurred in Morecambe Bay on Sunday morning. Four bodies had been recovered - those of William Johnson (45), owner of the ill-fated fishing boat, of Sandhall, Ulverston; Patrick Joseph Mitchell (22), of Bradford, a fitter employed at Barrow and residing in Princes-street, Ulverston; Richard Farmer (24), of Eccles, of the same address as Mitchell; and Fenton Pickhall Stephenson (37), butcher, of Market-street, Ulverston. Quite crowd of women had gathered at the entrance to the court. On the public buildings flags were at half-mast high.
  The Coroner said before starting the inquiry he thought it was only right to express, on behalf of the Court and on behalf of the people of Ulverston, the deepest sympathy with the relatives of the men who had lost their lives. It was a disaster which had cast gloom over the whole town and also the district. All the men were well known, most of them - all excepting three - being Ulverston men. They had the greatest sympathy with the relatives.
  Evidence of identification was given. Mrs. Nelson, of Princes-street, stated that the deceased Mitchell and Farmer had only lived in Ulverston since June 1st. John Beardsley, of 10, Sandhall, Ulverston, said William Johnson lived next door to him, and he knew him to be an experienced fisherman.
  HEAVY SQUALL CAME ON.
  Thomas Gardner, fisherman, of Canal Head, Ulverston, said that about one o'clock on Sunday morning, he had a fishing party of nine at Priory Point, Ulverston, and he set sail with William Johnson, deceased, for the purposes of fishing off Piel in Morecambe Bay. Johnson had a party of 16 in his boat, and they sailed practically together to the fishing grounds. They remained fishing for four or five hours, and about 8:30, as the weather began to be worse, they set sail for home. It was fine weather when they first left Priory Point. He did not like the weather at the time, and would have returned earlier could he have done so. They were coming back with the tide, and he was about half a mile in front of Johnson's boat. He got across the sandbank - West Hollow Bank [Mort Bank in other reports] - first. He tried first to get around the bank before going over it, and then his yacht dropped into deep water. He could see Johnson's boat crossing the bank higher up, and he watched him all the time to see if he could get across all right. What[sic] he was going across he saw him run aground, and give a lurch. Then a heavy squall came on and, after it had cleared again, he could not see Johnson's boat. He sailed back a bit to see if he could discern it, but could not, and as the sea was strong, and the tide was heavy, he was forced to make for home. Johnson's boat would be about 29ft. 6in. over all, and 7ft. 6in. beam. It was not so good a boat as his (witness's).
  The Coroner:
  How many was it supposed to carry? - It would carry a lot.
  Were you licensed to take passengers on these trips? - No, sir. We do not follow carrying passengers. They are registered fishing boats, and we just took out fishing parties at weekends. Continuing, he said Johnson's was an old boat, and in "just fair" condition. He and Johnson were not in partnership. Johnson had his own party. He charged £1 for the party, but did not take more than eight or nine passengers. He would not have liked to have had Johnson's party in his boat.
  COULD NOT SEE THE BOAT.
  Thomas Robinson, clerk, 22, Hart-street, Ulverston, said he was one of the party in Gardner's boat. He could see Johnson's boat when they were returning from fishing but he could not tell when it was in difficulties. A squall came on just after they crossed the bank, and when that cleared he could not see anything of Johnson's boat. He said the weather became worse during the morning.
  Peter Butler, Hammerside House [near Canal Foot], Guide-over-Sands, said he knew William Johnson quite well. He had an old boat, and it was not fit to carry more than about eight or nine. He had talked to the deceased about it, and the deceased was trying to get a new one, but it was war time and that made boats dearer.
  William Athersmith, Quebec-street, Ulverston, spoke to the recovery of the bodies of Stephenson, Mitchell, and Farmer; and James Benson Edmondson, fisherman, Roosebeck, said he found the body of Johnson that morning off Foulney Island, near Rampside.
  The Coroner said it was a most unfortunate disaster, and it brought home to them how important it was for these vessels to be licensed to carry a certain number of people. None of these boats, which were now simply registered for fishing, should be allowed to be overloaded or overcrowded. There was no doubt Johnson's boat was overcrowded, and an overcrowded boat lost its buoyancy and dipped and dived and got out of control. Unfortunately Wm. Johnson, who was responsible, had lost his life along with those in his charge.
  The jury returned a verdict of Accidentally drowned.

More details.