Publications

Relevant publications from the group.

2024

Single vs. Blended Electrolyte Additives: Impact of a Sulfur-Based Electrolyte Additive on Electrode Crosstalk and Electrochemical Performance of LiNiO2||Graphite CellsC.

Wölke, A. Benayad, F. Hanke, G. Baraldi, M. Echeverría, E. Esen, E. Ayerbe, A.R, Neale, J. Everitt, L.J. Hardwick, P. Yan, M. Poterała, W. Wieczorek, M. Winter, I. Cekic-Laskovic Adv. Energy Mater. (2024) 2402152 Link to full article

Accessing Mg‐Ion Storage in V2PS10 via Combined Cationic‐Anionic Redox with Selective Bond Cleavage

M.A. Wright, T.W. Surta, J.A. Evans, J. Lim, H. Jo, C.J. Hawkins, M. Bahri, L.M Daniels, R. Chen, M. Zanella, L.G. Chagas, J. Cookson, P. Collier, G. Cibin, A.V Chadwick, M.S. Dyer, N.D. Browning, J.B. Claridge, L.J. Hardwick, M.J. Rosseinsky  Angew. Chemie. Int. Ed. (2024) e202400837 Link to full article

Superionic lithium transport via multiple coordination environments defined by two-anion packing

G. Han, A. Vasylenko, L.M. Daniels, C.M. Collins, L. Corti, R. Chen, H. Niu, T.D. Manning, D. Antypov, M.S. Dyer, J. Lim, M. Zanella, M. Sonni, M. Bahri, H. Jo, Y. Dang, C.M. Robertson, F. Blanc, L.J. Hardwick, N.D. Browning, J.B. Claridge, M.J. Rosseinsky  Science 383 (2024), 739-745 Link to full article

The Role of Surfactant in Enabling Electrocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction in the Absence of Metal Cations

H. Jang, A.M. Gardner, L.J. Walters, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick, A.J. Cowan ACS Electrochemistry. (2024) accepted Link to full article

One-Step Electrodeposition of Iron Oxyhydroxide onto 3D Porous Graphene Substrates for On Chip Asymmetric Micro-Supercapacitors

Braga, M. Sonni, G. Casano, H. Finch, V.R. Dhanak, M. Caffio L.J. Hardwick Batteries & Supercaps (2024) accepted Link to full article

Understanding the electrochemical behaviour of reduced graphene oxide cathodes in all-carbon Na-ion batteries

Orzech, F. Mazzali, A. Adomkevicius, M. Coduri, Y. Niu, J. McGettrick, P. Chater, L. Cabo-Fernandez, L.J. Hardwick, L. Malavasi, S. Margadonna Materials Advances (2024) accepted Link to full article

Gating-out emission for fluorescence-free Raman spectra for the study of electrode interfaces                                                         

A.R. Neale, I.V. Sazanovich, L.J. Hardwick*. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry 45, (2024) 101480 Link to full article

Exploring carbon electrode parameters in Li-O2 cells: Li2O2 and Li2CO3 formation

B.P. Sousa, C.G. Anchieta, T.M.C. Nepel, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick, M.R. Filho, G. Doubek  J. Mater. Chem. A 12 (2024) 7215-7226 Link to full article

Simultaneous Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with a Kerr Gate for Fluorescence Suppression

G. Cabello, I.V. Sazanovich, I. Siachos, M. Bilton, B.L. Mehdi, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick* J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 15 (2024) 608-615 Link to full article

Concluding remarks: a summary of the Faraday Discussion on rechargeable non-aqueous metal–oxygen batteries

L.J. Hardwick* Faraday Discussions 248 (2024) 412-422 Link to full article

Effect of alkali-metal cation on oxygen adsorption at Pt single-crystal electrodes in non-aqueous electrolytes

J. Fernández-Vidal, L.J. Hardwick, G. Cabello, G.A. Attard Faraday Discussions 248 (2024) 102-118 Link to full article

Gating-out emission for fluorescence-free Raman spectra for the study of electrode interfaces

A.R. Neale, I.V. Sazanovich, L.J. Hardwick*. Current Opinion in Electrochemistry 45, (2024) 101480 Link to full article

Accessing Mg‐Ion Storage in V2PS10 via Combined Cationic‐Anionic Redox with Selective Bond Cleavage

M.A. Wright, T.W. Surta, J.A. Evans, J. Lim, H. Jo, C.J. Hawkins, M. Bahri, L.M Daniels, R. Chen, M. Zanella, L.G. Chagas, J. Cookson, P. Collier, G. Cibin, A.V Chadwick, M.S. Dyer, N.D. Browning, J.B. Claridge, L.J. Hardwick, M.J. Rosseinsky Angew. Chemie. Int. Ed. (2024) e202400837 Link to full article

Superionic lithium transport via multiple coordination environments defined by two-anion packing

G. Han, A. Vasylenko, L.M. Daniels, C.M. Collins, L. Corti, R. Chen, H. Niu, T.D. Manning, D. Antypov, M.S. Dyer, J. Lim, M. Zanella, M. Sonni, M. Bahri, H. Jo, Y. Dang, C.M. Robertson, F. Blanc, L.J. Hardwick, N.D. Browning, J.B. Claridge, M.J. Rosseinsky Science 383 (2024), 739-745 Link to full article

Exploring carbon electrode parameters in Li-O2 cells: Li2O2 and Li2CO3 formation

B.P. Sousa, C.G. Anchieta, T.M.C. Nepel, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick, M.R. Filho, G. Doubek J. Mater. Chem. A 12 (2024) 7215-7226 Link to full article

Simultaneous Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering with a Kerr Gate for Fluorescence Suppression

G. Cabello, I.V. Sazanovich, I. Siachos, M. Bilton, B.L. Mehdi, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick* J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 15 (2024) 608-615 Link to full article

Concluding remarks: a summary of the Faraday Discussion on rechargeable non-aqueous metal–oxygen batteries

L.J. Hardwick* Faraday Discussions 248 (2024) 412-422 Link to full article

Effect of alkali-metal cation on oxygen adsorption at Pt single-crystal electrodes in non-aqueous electrolytes

J. Fernández-Vidal, L.J. Hardwick, G. Cabello, G.A. Attard Faraday Discussions 248 (2024) 102-118 Link to full article


2023

Shell-isolated nanoparticle-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Y.J. Zhang, H. Ze, P.P. Fang, Y.F. Huang, A. Kudelski, J. Fernández-Vidal, L.J.Hardwick, J. Lipkowski, S.Q.Tian, J.F. Li.
Nature Reviews Methods Primers 3 (2023) 36 Link to full article

Electrodeposition of Manganese Dioxide Coatings onto Graphene Foam Substrates for Electrochemical Capacitors F. Braga, G. Casano, L.M. Daniels, M. Caffio, L.J. Hardwick. 
Electrochimica Acta (2023) 142433 Link to full article

Fluorine-Rich Oxyfluoride Spinel-like Li1.25Ni0.625Mn1.125O3F Utilizing Redox-Active Ni and Mn for High Capacity and Improved Cyclability 
H. Cai, R. Chen, M. Bahri, C.J. Hawkins, M. Sonni, L.M. Daniels, J. Lim, J.A. Evans, M. Zanella, L.A.H. Jones. T.D. Manning, T.D. Veal, L.J.Hardwick, M.S.Dyer, N.D. Browning, J.B. Claridge, M.J.Rosseinsky.
ACS Materials Letters 5 (2023) 527-535 Link to full article

Towards commercialization of fluorinated cation-disordered rock-salt Li-ion cathodes
G.H. Lee, J. Lim, J. Shin, L.J. Hardwick, W. Yang 
Frontiers in Chemistry 11 (2023) Link to full article

Raman analysis of inverse vulcanised polymers 
L.J. Dodd, C. Lima, D. Costa-Milan, A.R. Neale, B. Saunders, B. Zhang, S.A. Bowen, A. Sarua, R. Goodacre, L.J. Hardwick, M. Kuball, T. Hassell.
Polymer Chemistry 14 (2023) 1369-1386 Link to full article

Effect of alkali-metal cation on oxygen adsorption at Pt single-crystal electrodes in non-aqueous electrolytes
J. Fernández-Vidal, L.J. Hardwick, G. Cabello, & G.A. Attard (2023).
Faraday Discussions Link to full article

Localised degradation within sulfide-based all-solid-state electrodes visualised by Raman mapping
J. Lim, Y. Zhou, R.H. Powell, T. Ates, S. Passerini, , & L.J. Hardwick (2023).
Chemical Communications 59(51) 7982-7985 Link to full article

Nanophase-photocatalysis: loading, storing, and release of H2O2 using graphitic carbon nitride
A. Karunakaran, K.J. Francis, C.R. Bowen, R.J. Ball, Y. Zhao, L, Wang, . . . F. Marken, (2023).
Chemical Communications 59(48), 7423-7426. Link to full article


2022

Oxygen heteroatom enhanced sulfur-rich polymers synthesized by inverse vulcanization for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries
H. Wang, B Zhang, R. Dop, P. Yan, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick, T. Hasell.
J. Power Sources 545 (2022) 231921 Link to full article

Corrosion suppression of aluminium current collectors within Li-ion cells using 3-methoxypropionitrile-based electrolytes
C.H. Yen, A.R. Neale, J. Lim, D. Bresser, C.-C. Hu, L.J. Hardwick.
Electrochim. Acta (2022) 141105 Link to full article

Lithium Insertion into Graphitic Carbon Observed via Operando Kerr-Gated Raman Spectroscopy Enables High State of Charge Diagnostics
A.R. Neale, D. Costa-Milan, F. Braga, I.V. Sazanovich, L.J. Hardwick.
ACS Energy Letts. 
7 (2022) 2611 Link to full article

Long-Life and pH-Stable SnO2-Coated Au Nanoparticles for SHINERS
J. Fernández-Vidal, A. Gomez, L.A.H. Jones, C.H. Yen, T.D. Veal, V.R. Dhanak, C.-C. Hu, L.J. Hardwick.
J. Phys. Chem. C 126 (2022) 12074 Link to full article

Dynamics of SolidElectrolyte Interphase Formation on Silicon Electrodes Revealed by Combinatorial Electrochemical Screening
D. Martín-Yerga, D.Costa. Milan, X. Xu, J. Fernández-Vidal, L. Whalley, A.J. Cowan, L.J. Hardwick, P. Unwin.
Angew. Chemie. Int. Ed. (2022) e202207184 Link to full article

A Pyrene-4, 5, 9, 10-Tetraone-Based Covalent Organic Framework Delivers High Specific Capacity as a Li-Ion Positive Electrode
H. Gao, A.R. Neale, Q. Zhu, M. Bahri, X. Wang, H. Yang, Y. Xu, R. Clowes, N.D. Browning, M.A. Little, L.J. Hardwick, A.I. Cooper.
J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 144 (2022) 9436 Link to full article

Investigating the presence of adsorbed species on Pt steps at low potentials
R. Rizo, J. Fernández-Vidal, L.J. Hardwick, G.A. Attard, F.J. Vidal-Iglesias, V. Climent, E. Herrero, J.M. Feliu.
Nature Commun. 13 (2022) 255 Link to full article


2021

Ordered Oxygen Vacancies in the Lithium-Rich Oxide Li4CuSbO5.5, a Triclinic Structure Type Derived from the Cubic Rocksalt Structure
A.J. Perez, A. Vasylenko, T.W. Surta, H. Niu, L.M. Daniels, L.J. Hardwick, M.S. Dyer, J.B. Claridge, M.J. Rosseinsky.
Inorg. Chem. 60 (2021) 19022 Link to full article

Design Parameters for Ionic Liquid–Molecular Solvent Blend Electrolytes to Enable Stable Li Metal Cycling Within Li–O2 Batteries
A.R. Neale, R. Sharpe, S. Yeandel, C.H. Yen, K.V. Luzyanin, P. Goddard, E. Petrucco, L.J. Hardwick
Adv. Funct Mater. 31 (2021) 2170193 Link to full article

Integrated Covalent Organic Framework/Carbon Nanotube Composite as Li‐Ion Positive Electrode with Ultra‐High Rate Performance
H. Gao, Q. Zhu, A.R. Neale, M. Bahri, X. Wang, H. Yang, L. Liu, R. Clowes, N.D. Browning, R.S. Sprick, M.A. Little, L.J. Hardwick, A.I. Cooper
Adv. Ener. Mater. 11 (2021) 210880 Link to full article

Trapped interfacial redox introduces reversibility in the oxygen reduction reaction in a non-aqueous Ca2+ electrolyte
Y.-T. Lu, A.R. Neale, C.-C. Hu, L.J. Hardwick
Chem. Sci., 1 (2021) 8909 Link to full article

Extended Condensed Ultraphosphate Frameworks with Monovalent Ions Combine Lithium Mobility with High Computed Electrochemical Stability
G. Han, A. Vasylenko, A.R. Neale, B. Duff, R. Chen, M.S. Dyer, Y. Dang, L. Daniels, M. Zanella, C. Robertson, L. Kershaw Cook, A.-L. Hansen, M. Knapp, L.J. Hardwick, F. Blanc, J.B. Claridge, M.J. Rosseinsky
J. Amer. Chem Soc. (2021) Link to full article

Element selection for crystalline inorganic solid discovery guided by unsupervised machine learning of experimentally explored chemistry
A. Vasylenko, J. Gamon, B. Duff, V.V. Guse, L.M. Daniels, M. Zanella, J.F Shin, P.M. Sharp, A. Morscher, R. Chen, A.R. Neale, L.J. Hardwick, J.B. Claridge, F. Blanc, M.W. Gaultois, M.S. Dyer, M.J. Rosseinsky
Nature Commun. 12 143 (2021) 18216 Link to full article

Data Management Plans: The Importance of Data Management in the BIG-MAP Project
I.E. Castelli, D.J. A. Arrieta, A. Bhowmik, I. Cekic-Laskovic, S. Clark, R. Dominko, E. Flores, J. Flowers, K.U. Frederiksen, J. Friis, A. Grimaud, K.V. Hansen, L.J. Hardwick, K. Hermansson, L. Königer, H. Lauritzen, F. Le Cras, H. Li, S. Lyonnard, H. Lorrmann, N. Marzari, L. Niedzicki, G. Pizzi, F. Rahmanian, H. Stein, M.U., W. Wenzel, M. Winter, C. Wölke, T. Vegge
Batteries&SuperCap. (2021) Link to full article

Porous polyimide separator promotes uniform lithium plating for lithium-free cells
J.-Y. Pai, H.-Y. Ku, C.-C. Lin, L.J. Hardwick, C.-C. Hu
Electrochem. Sci. Adv. (2021) Link to full article

The Effect of Degrees of Inversion on the Electronic Structure of Spinel NiCo2O4: A Density Functional Theory Study
T.-C. Chang, Y.-T. Lu, C.-H. Lee, J.K. Gupta, L.J. Hardwick, C.-C. Hu, H.-Y.T. Chen
ACS Omega 6 (2021) 9692 Link to full article

Divalent Nonaqueous Metal-Air Batteries
Y.-T. Lu, A.R. Neale, C.-C. Hu, L.J. Hardwick
Frontiers in Energy Research, 8 (2021) 602918 Link to full article

Engineering of electrospun polyimide separators for electrical double-layer capacitors and lithium-ion cells
J.Y. Pai, C.T. Hsieh, C.H. Lee, J.A. Wang, H.Y. Ku, C.L. Huang, L.J. Hardwick, C.-C. Hu
Journal of Power Sources 482 (2021) 229054 Link to full article


2020

An electrochemical investigation of oxygen adsorption on Pt single crystal electrodes in a non-aqueous Li+ electrolyte
T.A. Galloway, G. Attard, L.J. Hardwick
Electrochemistry Communications 119 (2020) 106814 Link to full article

Crosslinked Polyimide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Composites as Long Cycle Life Positive Electrode for Lithium‐Ion Cells
H. Gao, B. Tian, H. Yang, A.R. Neale, M.A. Little, R.S. Sprick, L.J. Hardwick, A.I. Cooper
ChemSusChem 13 (2020) 5571 Link to full article

2020 roadmap on solid-state batteries
M Pasta, D Armstrong, ZL Brown, J Bu, MR Castell, P Chen, A Cocks, S.A. Corr, E.J. Cussen, E. Darnbrough, V. Deshpande, C .Doerrer, M.S. Dyer, H. El-Shinawi, N. Fleck, P. Grant, G.L. Gregory, C. Grovenor, L.J. Hardwick, J.T.S. Irvine, H.J. Lee, G. Li, E. Liberti, I. McClelland, C. Monroe, P.D. Nellist, P.R. Shearing, E. Shoko, W. Song, D.S. Jolly, C.I. Thomas, S.J. Turrell, M. Vestli, C.K. Williams, Y. Zhou, P.G. Bruce
Journal of Physics: Energy 2 (2020) 032008 Link to full article

Na2Fe2OS2, a new earth abundant oxysulphide cathode material for Na-ion batteries
J .Gamon, A.J. Perez, L.A.H. Jones, M. Zanella, L.M. Daniels, R.E. Morris, C.C. Tang, T.D. Veal, L.J. Hardwick, M.S. Dyer, J.B. Claridge, M.J. Rosseinsky
Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 8 (2020) 20553 Link to full article

Sn 5s2 lone pairs and the electronic structure of tin sulphides: A photoreflectance, high-energy photoemission, and theoretical investigation
L.A.H. Jones, W.M. Linhart, N. Fleck, J.E.N. Swallow, P.A.E. Murgatroyd, H. Shiel, T.J. Featherstone, M.J. Smiles, P.K. Thakur, T.-L. Lee, L.J. Hardwick, J. Alaria, F. Jäckel, R. Kudrawiec, L.A. Burton, A. Walsh, J.M. Skelton, T.D. Veal, V.R. Dhanak
Physical Review Materials 4 (2020) 074602 Link to full article

Quantitative Resolution of Complex Stoichiometric Changes During Electrochemical Cycling by Density Functional Theory Assisted, Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance
T.-H. Wu, I. Scivetti, J.-C. Chen, J.-A. Wang, G. Teobaldi, C.-C. Hu L.J. Hardwick
ACS Applied Energy Materials 3 (2020) 3347 Link to full article

Observation of Interfacial Degradation of Li6PS5Cl against Lithium Metal and LiCoO2 via In Situ Electrochemical Raman Microscopy
Y. Zhou, C. Doerrer, J. Kasemchainan, P.G. Bruce, M. Pasta, L.J. Hardwick
Batteries & Supercaps 3 (2020) 647 Link to full article

Water oxidation intermediates on iridium oxide electrodes probed by in situ electrochemical SHINERS
K.H. Saeed, M. Forster, J.F. Li, L.J. Hardwick, A.J. Cowan
Chemical Communications 56 (2020) 1129 Link to full article

Intercalation behaviour of Li and Na into 3-layer and multilayer MoS2 flakes
J. Zou, F. Li, M.A. Bissett, F. Kim, L.J. Hardwick
Electrochimica Acta 331 (2020) 135284 Link to full article


2019

Enhanced oxygen evolution performance of spinel Fe0.1Ni0.9Co2O4/ Activated carbon composites
Y.-T. Lu, J. Wu, Z.-X. Lin, T.-H. You, S.-C. Lin, H.-Y. T. Chen, L. J. Hardwick and C.-C. Hu
Electrochimica Acta., (2019), 326, 134986 Link to full article

Kerr gated Raman spectroscopy of LiPF6 salt and LiPF6-based organic carbonate electrolyte for Li-ion batteries
L. Cabo-Fernandez, A. R. Neale, F. Braga, I. V. Sazanovich, R. Kostecki and L. J. Hardwick
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., (2019), Advance Article Link to full article

The Facile Fabrication of a Light-weight Dual-functional Modified Separator towards High Performance Li-S Batteries
R. Yi, X. Lin, Y. Zhao, C. Liu, Y. Li, L.J. Hardwick, L. Yang, C. Zhao, X. Geng and Q. Zhang
ChemElectroChem., 6 (2019), 3648 Link to full article

Stabilization of O-O bonds by d0 cations in Li4+xNi1-xWO6 (0≤ x≤ 0.25) rocksalt oxides as the origin of large voltage hysteresis
Z.N. Taylor, A.J. Perez, J.A. Coca-Clemente, F. Braga, N.E. Drewett, M.J. Pitcher, W.J. Thomas, M.S. Dyer, C. Collins, M. Zanella, T. Johnson, S. Day, C. Tang, V.R. Dhanak, J.B. Claridge, L.J. Hardwick and M.J. Rosseinsky
J. Am. Chem. Soc.,
 141 18 (2019), 7333- 7346 Link to full article

Advanced spectroelectrochemical techniques to study electrode interfaces within lithium-ion and lithium-oxygen batteries 
A. J. Cowan and L. J. Hardwick
Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem., 12 (2019), 23.1- 23.24 Link to full article

Adsorption, surface relaxation and electrolyte structure at Pt(111) electrodes in non-aqueous and aqueous acetonitrile electrolytes
G. S. Harlow, I. M. Aldous, P. Thompson, Y. Grunder, L. J. Hardwick and C. A. Lucas
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 21 (2019), 8654-8662 Link to full article

Evaluating chemical bonding in dioxides for the development of metal-oxygen batteries: vibrational spectroscopic trends of dioxygenyls, dioxygen, superoxides and peroxides
P. M. Radjenovic and L. J. Hardwick
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 21 (2019), 1552-1563 Link to full article

A light-weight free-standing graphene foam-based interlayer towards improved Li-S cells 
R. Yi, C. Liu, Y. Zhao, L. J. Hardwick, Y. Li, X. Geng, Q. Zhang, L. Yang, C. Zhao
Electrochimica Acta, 299 (2019), 479-488 Link to full article

Oxygen reactions on Pt{hkl} in a non-aqueous Na+ electrolyte: Site selective stabilization of a sodium peroxy species
T. A. Galloway,  J. Dong, J.F. Li, G. Attard and L. J. Hardwick
Chem. Sci, 10 (2019), 2956-2964 Link to full article

In situ electrochemical SHINERS investigation of SEI composition on carbon-coated Zn0.9Fe0.1O anode for lithium-ion batteries
L. Cabo-Fernandez, D. Bresser, F. Braga, S. Passerini, and L. J. Hardwick
Batteries & Supercaps., 2 (2019), 168-177 Link to full article

Enhanced oxygen evolution performance of spinel Fe0.1Ni0.9Co2O4/ Activated carbon composites
Y.-T. Lu, J. Wu, Z.-X. Lin, T.-H. You, S.-C. Lin, H.-Y. T. Chen, L. J. Hardwick and C.-C. Hu
Electrochimica Acta. 326 (2019), 134986 Link to full article

Kerr gated Raman spectroscopy of LiPF6 salt and LiPF6-based organic carbonate electrolyte for Li-ion batteries
L. Cabo-Fernandez, A. R. Neale, F. Braga, I. V. Sazanovich, R. Kostecki and L. J. Hardwick
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 21 (2019), 23833 Link to full article


2018

Metal-Air Batteries: Fundamentals and Applications; Chapter 9 Metal-Air Battery: In Situ Spectro-electrochemical Techniques
I. M. Aldous, L. J. Hardwick, R. J. Nichols, and J. Padmanabhan Vivek
Ed. Xin-bo Zhang, Wiley 2018Book

Lithium transport in Li4.4M0.4M’0.6S4 (M= Al3+, Ga3+ and M’= Ge4+, Sn4+): Combined crystallographic, conductivity, solid state NMR and computational studies 
B, T. LeubeK, K. InglisE. CarringtonP. M. SharpJ. F. ShinA. R. NealeT. D. ManningM. J. PitcherL. J. HardwickM. S. DyerF. BlancJ. B. Claridge, and M. J. Rosseinsky
Chem. Matter., 30 (2018), 7183-7200 Link to full article

Growth and Dissolution of NaO2 in an Ether-based Electrolyte as the Discharge Product in the Na-O2 Cell  
I. Aldous, L. J. Hardwick
Chem. Commun., 54 (2018), 3444- 3447 Link to full article

Rechargeable Multi-Valent Metal-Air Batteries: A Review of Research and Current Challenges in Secondary Multivalent Metal-Oxygen Batteries  
L. J. Hardwick, C. Ponce de Leon
Johnson Matthey Technol. Rev.
, 2 (2018), 62, 134–149 Link to full article

Time-resolved SERS study of the Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Non-Aqueous Lithium-Oxygen Cells
P. Radjenovic, L.J. Hardwick
Faraday Discuss., 206 (2018) 379-392 Link to full article

Structure and Dynamics of Ionic Liquids: A General Discussion
M. Addicoat, R. Atkin, J. N. C. Lopes, M. C. Gomes, M. Firestone, R. Gardas, S. Halstead, C. Hardacre, L. J. Hardwick, J. Holbrey, P. Hunt, V. Ivaništšev, J. Jacquemin, R. Jones, B. Kirchner, R. Lynden-Bell, D. MacFarlane, G. Marlair, H. Medhi, M. Mezger, A. Pádua, I. Pantenburg, S. Perkin, J. E. S. J. Reid, M. Rutland, S. Saha, K. Shimizu, J. M. Slattery, M. Swadźba-Kwaśny, S. Tiwari, S. Tsuzuki, B. Uralcan, A. van den Bruinhorst, M. Watanabe and J. Wishart
Faraday Discuss., 206 (2018), 291- 337 Link to full article

Electrochemistry: General Discussion
A. Abbott,  L. Aldous,  N. Borisenko,  S. Coles,  O. Fontaine,  J. D. G. Garcia,  R. Gardas,  O. Hammond,  L. J. Hardwick,  P. Haumesser,  F. Hausen,  C. Horwood,  J. Jacquemin,  R. Jones,  E. Jónsson,  A. Lahiri,  D. MacFarlane,  G. Marlair,  B. May,  H. Medhi,  V. H. Paschoal,  J. E. S. J. Reid,  T. Schoetz,  K. Tamura,  M. L. Thomas,  S. Tiwari,  B. Uralcan,  A. van den Bruinhorst,  M. Watanabe  and  J. Wishart 
Faraday Discuss., 206 (2018), 405- 426 Link to full article


2017 

Analytical SERS: General Dicussion

H. Aitchison,  J. Aizpurua,  H. Arnolds,  J. Baumberg,  S. Bell,  A. Bonifacio,  R. Chikkaraddy,  P. Dawson,  B. de Nijs,  V. Deckert,  I. Delfino,  G. Di Martino,  O. Eremina,  K. Faulds,  A. Fountain,  S. Gawinkowski,  M. Gomez Castano,  R. Goodacre,  J. Gracie,  D. Graham,  J. Guicheteau,  L. Hardwick,  M. Hardy,  C. Heck,  L. Jamieson,  M. Kamp,  A. Keeler,  C. Kuttner,  J. Langer,  S. Mahajan,  N. M. Sabanés,  K. Murakoshi,  M. Porter,  G. Schatz,  S. Schlücker,  Z. Tian,  A. Tripathi,  R. Van Duyne  and  P. Vikesland  
Faraday Discuss., 205 (2017), 561- 600 Link to full article

Template-free Synthesis of Nitrogen doped Carbon Materials from an Organic Ionic Dye (Murexide) For Supercapacitor Application
M. Serwar, U. Ali Rana, H. M. Siddiqi, S. Ud-Din Khan, F. A. Ahmed Ali, A. Al-Fatesh, A. Adomkevicius, J. A. Coca-Clemente, L. Cabo-Fernandez, F. Braga and L. J. Hardwick
RSC Adv., 
7 (2017), 54626- 54637 Link to full article

In Situ Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy to Identify Oxygen Reduction Products in Nonaqueous Metal–Oxygen Batteries
J. Padmanabhan Vivek, N.G. Berry, J. Zou, R. J. Nichols, L. J. Hardwick
J. Phys.Chem. C
, 121  (2017) 19657-19667 Link to full article

In Situ Raman Spectroscopic Analysis of the Lithiation and Sodiation of Antimony Microparticles
N.E. Drewett, I.M. Aldous, J. Zou, L.J. Hardwick
Electrochim. Acta., 
(2017) 247 (2017) 296-305, Link to full article

Shell Isolated Nanoparticles for Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Studies in Lithium-Oxygen Cells
T.A. Galloway, L. Cabo-Fernandez, I.M. Aldous, F. Braga, L.J. Hardwick
Faraday Discuss., 
205  (2017) 469-490 Link to full article 

Na0.35MnO2 as an Ionic Conductor with Randomly Distributed Nano-sized Layers
A. Adomkevicius, L. Cabo-Fernandez, T.-H. Wu, T.-M. Ou, M.-G. Chen, Y. Andreev, C.-C. Hu and L.J. Hardwick
J. Mater. Chem. A.,
 5 (2017) 10021-10026 Link to full article


2016

In Situ Study of Li Intercalation into Highly Crystalline Graphitic Flakes of Varying Thicknesses
J. Zou, C. Sole, N.E. Drewett, M. Velický, L.J. Hardwick
J. Phys. Chem. Lett.,7 (2016) 4291–4296 Link to full article

Three-dimensional Protonic Conductivity in Porous Organic Cage Solids
Ming Liu, Linjiang Chen, Scott Lewis, Samantha Y. Chong, Marc A. Little, Tom Hasell, Iain M. Aldous, Craig M. Brown, Martin W.Smith, Carole A. Morrison, Laurence J. Hardwick and Andrew I. Cooper
Nature Commun., (2016) 12750 Link to full article

Batteries: Avoiding oxygen
Laurence J Hardwick
Nature Energy., 
1 (2016) 16115 Link to full article

Solvent-Mediated Control of the Electrochemical Discharge Products of Non-Aqueous Sodium-Oxygen Electrochemistry
I.M. Aldous, L.J. Hardwick
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 
55 (2016) 8254-8257 Link to full article  

Utilizing In Situ Electrochemical SHINERS for Oxygen Reduction Reaction Studies in Aprotic Electrolytes 
T. Galloway, L.J. Hardwick
J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 
7 (2016) 2119-2124 Link to full article  

Mechanistic Insight into the Superoxide Induced Ring Opening in Propylene Carbonate Based Electrolytes using In Situ Surface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy
Padmanabhan Vivek, N.G. Berry, G. Papageorgiou, R. J. Nichols, L. J. Hardwick
J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 138 (2016) 3745-3751 Link to full article 

In Situ Raman Spectroscopy of Carbon-Coated ZnFe2O4 Anode Material in Li-ion Batteries - Investigation of SEI Growth
Laura Cabo-Fernandez, Franziska Mueller, Stefano Passerini, and Laurence J. Hardwick
Chem. Commun., 
52  (2016) 3970-3973 Link to full article

A Highly Active Nickel Electrocatalyst shows Excellent Selectivity for CO2 Reduction in Acidic Media
Gaia Neri, Iain M. Aldous, James J. Walsh, Laurence J. Hardwick and Alexander J. Cowan
Chem. Sci., 
7  (2016) 1521-1526  Link to full article


2015

Scaling up “Nano” Li4Ti5O12 for High-Power Lithium-Ion Anodes Using Large Scale Flame Spray Pyrolysis
A.Birrozzi, M. Copley, J. von Zamory, M.Pasqualini, S. Calcaterra, F. Nobili, A. Di Cicco, H. Rajanti, M. Briceno, E. Bilbé, L. Cabo-Fernandez, L.J. Hardwick, D Bresser, S. Passerini
J. Electrochem. Soc.
, 162 (2015) A2331-A2338.Link to full article

The Role of Re-Aggregation on the Performance of Electrochemically Exfoliated Many-Layer Graphene for Li-Ion Batteries
C. Sole, N. Drewett, F. Liu, A. Abdelkader, I. Kinloch, L.J. Hardwick
J. Electroanal. Chem., 53 (2015) 35-41  Link to full article PDF

Charge Storage Mechanism of Activated Manganese Oxide Composites for Pseudocapacitors
T.-H. Wu, D. Hesp, V. Dhanak, C. Collins, F. Braga, L.J. Hardwick, C.-C. Hu
J. Mater. Chem. A, 3 (2015) 12786-12795 Link to full article PDF


2014

Influence of Tetraalkylammonium Cation Chain Length on Gold and Glassy Carbon Electrode Interfaces for Alkali Metal–Oxygen Batteries
I.M. Aldous, L.J. Hardwick
J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 5 (2014) 3924–3930 Link to full article PDF ACS LiveSlidesTM

In Situ Raman Study of Lithium-Ion Intercalation into Microcrystalline Graphite
C. Sole, N. Drewett, L.J. Hardwick
Faraday Discuss., 172 (2014) 223-237 Link to full article PDF

Characterization of Aluminum Doped Lithium-Manganese Rich Composites for Higher Rate Lithium-Ion Cathodes
M. Iftekhar, N.E. Drewett, A.R. Armstrong, D. Hesp, F. Braga, S. Ahmed, L.J. Hardwick
J. Electrochem. Soc., 161 (2014) A2109-A2116 Link to full article PDF

Electrochemical Performance of Laser Microstructured Nickel Oxyhydroxide Cathodes
A.R. Neale, Y. Jin, J. Ouyang, S. Hughes, D. Hesp, V. Dhanak, G. Dearden, S. Edwardson, L.J. Hardwick
J. Power Sources, 271 (2014) 42-47 Link to full article PDF


2013

Important Parameters Affecting the Cell Voltage of Aqueous Electrical Double-Layer Capacitors
T.-H. Wu, Y.-H. Chu, C.-C. Hu, L.J. Hardwick
J. Power Sources, 242 (2013) 289-298 Link to full article PDF

Criteria Appointing the Highest Acceptable Cell Voltage of Asymmetric Supercapacitors
T.-H. Wu, Y.-H. Chu, C.-C. Hu, L.J. Hardwick
Electrochem. Commun., 27 (2013) 81-84 Link to full article PDF


2012

Direct Detection of Discharge Products in Lithium-Oxygen Batteries by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy
M. Leskes, N. Drewett, L.J. Hardwick, P.G. Bruce, G.R. Goward, C.P. Grey
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 51 (2012) 8560-8563 Link to full article PDF

Lithium Insertion into Anatase Nanotubes
V. Gentili, S. Brutti, L.J. Hardwick, A.R. Armstrong, S. Panero, B. Scrosati, P.G. Bruce
Chem. Mater, 24 (2012) 4468-4476 Link to full article PDF

The Pursuit of Rechargeable Non-Aqueous Lithium-Oxygen Battery Cathodes
L.J. Hardwick, P.G. Bruce
Curr. Opin Solid St. M., 16 (2012) 178-185 Link to full article PDF

Li-O2 and Li-S Batteries with High Energy Storage
P.G. Bruce, S.A. Freunberger, L.J. Hardwick, J.-M. Tarascon
Nature Mater., 11 (2012) 19-29 Link to full article PDF


2011

The Lithium-Oxygen Battery with Ether-Based Electrolytes
S. Freunberger, Y. Chen, N. Drewett, L.J. Hardwick, F. Bardé, P.G. Bruce
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 50 (2011) 8609-8613 Link to full article PDF

Oxygen Reactions in a Non-Aqueous Li+ Electrolyte
Z. Peng, S. Freunberger, L.J. Hardwick, Y. Chen, V. Giordani, F. Bardé, P. Novák, J.-M. Tarascon, D. Graham, P.G. Bruce
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 50 (2011) 6351-6355 Link to full article PDF

Lithium-Air and Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
P.G. Bruce, L.J. Hardwick, K.M. Abraham
MRS Bull., 36 (2011) 506-512 Link to full article PDF

Reactions in the Rechargeable Lithium-O2 Battery with Alkyl Carbonate Electrolytes
S. Freunberger, Y. Chen, Z. Peng, J. Griffin, L.J. Hardwick, F. Bardé, P. Novák, P.G. Bruce
J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 133 (2011) 8040-8047 Link to full article PDF

Activated Lithium-Metal-Oxides as Catalytic Electrodes for Li-O2 Cells
L. Trahey, C.S. Johnson, J.T. Vaughey, S.-H. Kang, L.J. Hardwick, S.A. Freunberger, P.G. Bruce, M.M. Thackeray
Electrochem. Solid-State Letts., 14 (2011) A64-A66 Link to full article


2010

Lithium Diffusion in Graphitic Carbon
K. Persson, V.A. Sethuraman, L.J. Hardwick, Y. Hinuma, Y. Meng, A. Van Der Ven, V. Srinivasan, R. Kostecki, G. Ceder
J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 1 (2010) 1176-1180 Link to full article PDF

Lithium Intercalation into Mesoporous Anatase with an Ordered 3D Pore Structure
Y. Ren, L.J. Hardwick, P.G. Bruce
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 49 (2010) 2570-2574 Link to full article PDF

Surface Structural Disordering in Graphite upon Lithium Intercalation/Deintercalation
V.A. Sethuraman, L.J. Hardwick, V. Srinivasan, R. Kostecki
J. Power Sources, 195 (2010) 3655-3660 Link to full article PDF

Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition of Graphitic Carbon Thin Films
M. Marcinek, L.J. Hardwick, G.Z. Zukowska, R. Kostecki
Carbon, 48 (2010) 1552-1557 Link to full article PDF


2009

Electrochemical Doping of Single Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Double Layer Capacitors Studied by In Situ Raman Spectroscopy
P.W. Ruch, L.J. Hardwick, M. Hahn, A. Foelske, R. Kötz, A. Wokaun
Carbon, 47 (2009) 38-52 Link to full article PDF

FTIR and Raman Study of the LixTiyMn1-yO2 (y=0, 0.11) Cathodes in Methylpropyl Pyrrolidinium Bis(fluoro-sulfonyl)imide, LiTFSI Electrolyte
L.J. Hardwick, J. Saint, I.T. Lucas, M. Doeff, R. Kostecki
J. Electrochem. Soc., 156 (2009) A120-A127 Link to full article


2008

An Investigation of the Effect of Graphite Degradation on Irreversible Capacity in Lithium-Ion Cells
L.J. Hardwick, M. Marcinek, L. Beer, J. Kerr, R. Kostecki
J. Electrochem. Soc., 155 (2008) A442-A447 Link to full article

In Situ Raman Spectroscopy of Insertion Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries and Supercapacitors: First Cycle Effects
L.J. Hardwick, P. Ruch, M. Hahn, W. Scheifele, R. Kötz, P. Novák
J. Phys. Chem. Solids., 69 (2008) 1232-1237 Link to full article PDF


2007

Electrochemical Lithium Insertion into TiO2 Anatase Materials: An In Situ Raman Microscopy Investigation
L.J. Hardwick, M. Holzapfel, P. Novák, L. Dupont, E. Baudrin
Electrochim. Acta, 52 (2007) 5357-5367 Link to full article PDF

Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition of Nano-Structured Sn/C Composite Thin-Film Anodes for Li-Ion Batteries
M. Marcinek, L.J. Hardwick, T.J. Richardson, X. Song, R. Kostecki
J. Power Sources, 173 (2007) 965-971 Link to full article PDF

Behaviour of Highly Crystalline Graphitic Materials in Lithium-Ion Cells with Propylene Carbonate containing Electrolytes: An In Situ Raman and SEM Study
L.J. Hardwick, H. Buqa, M. Holzapfel, W. Scheifele, F. Krumeich, P. Novák
Electrochim. Acta, 52 (2007) 4884-4891 Link to full article PDF

Raman Study of Lithium Coordination in EMI-TFSI Additive Systems as Lithium-Ion Battery Ionic Liquid Electrolytes
L.J. Hardwick, M. Holzapfel, A. Wokaun, P. Novák
J. Raman Spectrosc., 38 (2007) 110-112 Link to full article PDF


2006

Nano Silicon for Lithium-Ion Batteries
M. Holzapfel, H. Buqa, L.J. Hardwick, M. Hahn, F. Krumeich, A. Würsig, W. Scheifele, P. Novák, R. Kötz, C. Veit, F. Petrat
Electrochim. Acta, 52 (2006) 973-978 Link to full article PDF

Graphite Surface Disorder Detection using In Situ Raman Microscopy
L.J. Hardwick, H. Buqa, P. Novák
Solid State Ion., 177 (2006) 2801-2806 Link to full article PDF

An In Situ Raman Study of the Intercalation of Supercapacitor-Type Electrolyte into Microcrystalline Graphite
L.J. Hardwick, M. Hahn, P. Ruch, M. Holzapfel, W. Scheifele, H. Buqa, F. Krumeich, P. Novák, R. Kötz
Electrochim. Acta, 52 (2006) 675-680 Link to full article PDF

Surface Reactivity of Graphite Materials and their Surface Passivation during the First Electrochemical Lithium Insertion
M.E. Spahr, H. Buqa, A. Würsig, D. Goers, L.J. Hardwick, P. Novák, F. Krumeich, J. Dentzer, C. Vix-Guterl
J. Power Sources, 153 (2006) 300-311 Link to full article PDF


2005

Behaviour of Highly Crystalline Graphites in Lithium-Ion Cells with Propylene Carbonate containing Electrolytes
H. Buqa, A. Würsig, D. Goers, L.J. Hardwick, M. Holzapfel, P. Novák, F. Krumeich, M.E. Spahr
J. Power Sources, 146 (2005) 134-141 Link to full article PDF

Advanced In Situ Characterization Methods Applied to Carbonaceous Materials
P. Novák, D. Goers, L. Hardwick, M. Holzapfel, W. Scheifele, J. Ufheil, A. Würsig
J. Power Sources, 146 (2005) 15-20 Link to full article PDF


2003

Raman Spectroscopic and Structural Studies of Heat-Treated Graphites for Lithium-Ion Batteries
D. Goers, H. Buqa, L. Hardwick, A. Würsig, P. Novák
Ionics, 9 (2003) 258-265 Link to full article PDF

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